[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":26},["ShallowReactive",2],{"islam":3},[4],{"id":5,"body":6,"slug":7,"reactions":8,"commentCount":9,"tags":10,"title":17,"userId":18,"handle":19,"createdAt":20,"crisisResources":23,"moderationOutcome":24,"moderationStatus":25},"gfq19qkxJfDxoReTGuK3","\u003Cp id=\"p-rc_bedfadf386fe3613-29\" data-path-to-node=\"0\">\u003Cspan class=\"citation-44\">The \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cstrong data-path-to-node=\"0\" data-index-in-node=\"4\">\u003Cspan class=\"citation-44\">Ottoman Empire\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cspan class=\"citation-44\"> was one of the most powerful and longest-lasting dynasties in world history, spanning over 600 years from roughly \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cstrong data-path-to-node=\"0\" data-index-in-node=\"133\">\u003Cspan class=\"citation-44\">1299 to 1922\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cspan class=\"citation-44 citation-end-44\">.\u003Csup class=\"superscript\" data-turn-source-index=\"1\">\u003C!---->\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003C\u002Fspan> \u003Cspan class=\"citation-43 citation-end-43\">At its height in the 16th and 17th centuries, it was a truly transcontinental superpower, controlling vast territories across Southeast Europe, Western Asia, and North Africa.\u003Csup class=\"superscript\" data-turn-source-index=\"2\">\u003C!---->\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"source-inline-chip-container ng-star-inserted\">\u003C!---->\u003Cbutton class=\"button multiple-button ng-star-inserted\" aria-label=\"View source details. Opens side panel.\">\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003Cspan class=\"button-label gds-label-m ng-star-inserted\">+1\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C\u002Fbutton>\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Cp>\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp> \u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch3 data-path-to-node=\"1\">Key Milestones & Figures\u003C\u002Fh3>\n\u003Cul data-path-to-node=\"2\">\n\u003Cli>\n\u003Cp id=\"p-rc_bedfadf386fe3613-30\" data-path-to-node=\"2,0,0\">\u003Cstrong data-path-to-node=\"2,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">The Founder:\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cspan class=\"citation-42\"> Established by \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cstrong data-path-to-node=\"2,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"28\">\u003Cspan class=\"citation-42\">Osman I\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cspan class=\"citation-42 citation-end-42\">, a leader of nomadic Turkmen tribes in Anatolia.\u003Csup class=\"superscript\" data-turn-source-index=\"3\">\u003C!---->\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"source-inline-chip-container ng-star-inserted\">\u003Cbutton class=\"button ng-star-inserted\" aria-label=\"View source details. Opens side panel.\">\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C\u002Fbutton>\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\n\u003Cp> \u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>\n\u003Cp id=\"p-rc_bedfadf386fe3613-31\" data-path-to-node=\"2,1,0\">\u003Cstrong data-path-to-node=\"2,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">\u003Cspan class=\"citation-41 citation-end-41\">The Turning Point (1453):\u003Csup class=\"superscript\" data-turn-source-index=\"4\">\u003C!---->\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cspan class=\"citation-40\"> Under \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cstrong data-path-to-node=\"2,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"32\">\u003Cspan class=\"citation-40\">Mehmed the Conqueror\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cspan class=\"citation-40\">, the Ottomans captured \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cstrong data-path-to-node=\"2,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"76\">\u003Cspan class=\"citation-40\">Constantinople\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cspan class=\"citation-40\">, ending the Byzantine Empire and transforming the city into their capital, \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cstrong data-path-to-node=\"2,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"166\">\u003Cspan class=\"citation-40\">Istanbul\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cspan class=\"citation-40 citation-end-40\">.\u003Csup class=\"superscript\" data-turn-source-index=\"5\">\u003C!---->\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"source-inline-chip-container ng-star-inserted\">\u003C!---->\u003Cbutton class=\"button multiple-button ng-star-inserted\" aria-label=\"View source details. Opens side panel.\">\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003Cspan class=\"button-label gds-label-m ng-star-inserted\">+1\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C\u002Fbutton>\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\n\u003Cp> \u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>\n\u003Cp id=\"p-rc_bedfadf386fe3613-32\" data-path-to-node=\"2,2,0\">\u003Cstrong data-path-to-node=\"2,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">\u003Cspan class=\"citation-39\">The Golden Age:\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cspan class=\"citation-39\"> During the reign of \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cstrong data-path-to-node=\"2,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"36\">\u003Cspan class=\"citation-39\">Suleiman the Magnificent\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cspan class=\"citation-39 citation-end-39\"> (1520–1566), the empire reached its artistic, legislative, and territorial zenith, stretching from the gates of Vienna to the Persian Gulf.\u003Csup class=\"superscript\" data-turn-source-index=\"6\">\u003C!---->\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"source-inline-chip-container ng-star-inserted\">\u003Cbutton class=\"button ng-star-inserted\" aria-label=\"View source details. Opens side panel.\">\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C\u002Fbutton>\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\n\u003Cp> \u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003C\u002Ful>\n\u003Ch3 data-path-to-node=\"3\">Unique Cultural & Political Features\u003C\u002Fh3>\n\u003Cul data-path-to-node=\"4\">\n\u003Cli>\n\u003Cp id=\"p-rc_bedfadf386fe3613-33\" data-path-to-node=\"4,0,0\">\u003Cstrong data-path-to-node=\"4,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">The Millet System:\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cspan class=\"citation-38 citation-end-38\"> Unlike many contemporary European empires, the Ottomans allowed religious minorities (Christians and Jews) to govern their own communal affairs and practice their faith, provided they paid a tax (\u003Csup class=\"superscript\" data-turn-source-index=\"7\">\u003C!---->\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"math-inline\" data-math=\"jizya\" data-index-in-node=\"215\">$jizya$\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"citation-37 citation-end-37\">).\u003Csup class=\"superscript\" data-turn-source-index=\"8\">\u003C!---->\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"source-inline-chip-container ng-star-inserted\">\u003Cbutton class=\"button ng-star-inserted\" aria-label=\"View source details. Opens side panel.\">\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C\u002Fbutton>\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\n\u003Cp> \u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>\n\u003Cp id=\"p-rc_bedfadf386fe3613-34\" data-path-to-node=\"4,1,0\">\u003Cstrong data-path-to-node=\"4,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">\u003Cspan class=\"citation-36\">The Janissaries:\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cspan class=\"citation-36\"> An elite military corps originally composed of converted Christian youths (via the \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cem data-path-to-node=\"4,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"100\">\u003Cspan class=\"citation-36\">devshirme\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fem>\u003Cspan class=\"citation-36 citation-end-36\"> system).\u003Csup class=\"superscript\" data-turn-source-index=\"9\">\u003C!---->\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003C\u002Fspan> They were the first modern standing army in Europe and became a powerful political force.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cdiv class=\"source-inline-chip-container ng-star-inserted\">\u003Cbutton class=\"button ng-star-inserted\" aria-label=\"View source details. Opens side panel.\">\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C\u002Fbutton>\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\u003C!---->\n\u003Cp> \u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>\n\u003Cp id=\"p-rc_bedfadf386fe3613-35\" data-path-to-node=\"4,2,0\">\u003Cstrong data-path-to-node=\"4,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Global Legacy:\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cspan class=\"citation-35 citation-end-35\"> The empire acted as a bridge between East and West for centuries.\u003Csup class=\"superscript\" data-turn-source-index=\"10\">\u003C!---->\u003C\u002Fsup>\u003C\u002Fspan> \u003Cspan class=\"citation-34\">They popularized \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cstrong data-path-to-node=\"4,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"98\">\u003Cspan class=\"citation-34\">coffee house culture\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003Cspan class=\"citation-34\">, pioneered advanced medical techniques, and left behind architectural wonders like the \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cstrong data-path-to-node=\"4,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"206\">\u003Cspan class=\"citation-34\">Blue Mosque\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003C\u002Ful>","holy-ottoman-empire-4802",1,2,[11,12,13,14,15,16],"ottoman","empire","kings","prince","history","islam","Holy Ottoman Empire","W2Dk3U7OyARDtUsvzNH7wYIcHuB2","anonymous",{"seconds":21,"nanoseconds":22},1771693906,0,null,"ALLOW","approved",1792946493048]